These upward-running bolts, first noted by the shuttle and
orbiter crews are also known as "sprites". There is a school
of thought that the ionization of the ionosphere by these
upward-running bolts of lightening may ... at least in part ...
account for the somewhat unexplained sporadic-E propagation.
There also seem to be instances of signals being reflected
by the ionized lightning bolt paths, much like meteor scatter
or aircraft reflections.
Google "Red sprites and blue jets" for additional information.
73! Ken Kopp - K0PP
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