Elecraft

Key Clicks

Classic

List

Threaded

11 messages Options

N4ZR

Key Clicks

There's a big discussion going on in contesting circles online about the
problem of key clicks. There's been a lot of discussion about settings
called things like TXDelay, but so far as I can tell (and the manual
confirms), the K3's TX delay is intended to protect amplifier relays at
the start of a transmission. So long as you don't run QSK, I would
think that setting would have no influence on key clicks after the rise
of the first CW element. True?

--
73, Pete N4ZR
Check out the Reverse Beacon Network
at <http://reversebeacon.net>, now
spotting RTTY activity worldwide.
For spots, please use your favorite
"retail" DX cluster.

______________________________________________________________
Elecraft mailing list
Home: http://mailman.qth.net/mailman/listinfo/elecraft
Help: http://mailman.qth.net/mmfaq.htm
Post: mailto:[hidden email]

This list hosted by: http://www.qsl.net
Please help support this email list: http://www.qsl.net/donate.html
Message delivered to [hidden email]

k6dgw

Re: Key Clicks

True. TXDelay is a sequencing parameter to assure that downstream
switching has completed before RF appears. The keying waveform
[particularly the edges and "corners"] affect the sidebands and thus
bandwidth of the CW signal. I don't believe QSK has anything to do with
it, at least for a K3.

73,
Fred ["Skip"] K6DGW
Sparks NV DM09dn
Washoe County

On 6/6/2020 4:55 PM, N4ZR wrote:
> There's a big discussion going on in contesting circles online about
> the problem of key clicks. There's been a lot of discussion about
> settings called things like TXDelay, but so far as I can tell (and the
> manual confirms), the K3's TX delay is intended to protect amplifier
> relays at the start of a transmission. So long as you don't run QSK,
> I would think that setting would have no influence on key clicks after
> the rise of the first CW element. True?

______________________________________________________________
Elecraft mailing list
Home: http://mailman.qth.net/mailman/listinfo/elecraft
Help: http://mailman.qth.net/mmfaq.htm
Post: mailto:[hidden email]

This list hosted by: http://www.qsl.net
Please help support this email list: http://www.qsl.net/donate.html
Message delivered to [hidden email]

John Simmons

Re: Key Clicks

I have operated a number of the 'big' CW contests. I have heard some
really, really wide sigs with horrible key clicks. Yes they were
strong.... but 10 KHz wide? Rob Sherwood and others have written about
this. Some of the really high-end rigs (non-Elecraft) allow user
adjustment of CW rise time to such short values that key clicks are
guaranteed. Yech!

-de John NI0K

Fred Jensen wrote on 6/6/2020 7:05 PM:

> True. TXDelay is a sequencing parameter to assure that downstream
> switching has completed before RF appears. The keying waveform
> [particularly the edges and "corners"] affect the sidebands and thus
> bandwidth of the CW signal. I don't believe QSK has anything to do
> with it, at least for a K3.
>
> 73,
> Fred ["Skip"] K6DGW
> Sparks NV DM09dn
> Washoe County
>
> On 6/6/2020 4:55 PM, N4ZR wrote:
>> There's a big discussion going on in contesting circles online about
>> the problem of key clicks. There's been a lot of discussion about
>> settings called things like TXDelay, but so far as I can tell (and
>> the manual confirms), the K3's TX delay is intended to protect
>> amplifier relays at the start of a transmission. So long as you
>> don't run QSK, I would think that setting would have no influence on
>> key clicks after the rise of the first CW element. True?
>
> ______________________________________________________________
> Elecraft mailing list
> Home: http://mailman.qth.net/mailman/listinfo/elecraft
> Help: http://mailman.qth.net/mmfaq.htm
> Post: mailto:[hidden email]
>
> This list hosted by: http://www.qsl.net
> Please help support this email list: http://www.qsl.net/donate.html
> Message delivered to [hidden email]

______________________________________________________________
Elecraft mailing list
Home: http://mailman.qth.net/mailman/listinfo/elecraft
Help: http://mailman.qth.net/mmfaq.htm
Post: mailto:[hidden email]

This list hosted by: http://www.qsl.net
Please help support this email list: http://www.qsl.net/donate.html
Message delivered to [hidden email]

David Gilbert-2

Re: Key Clicks

QSK has everything to do with it. If you hot switch the amp you create
sharp waveforms every element even if the K3 keying is soft. The
discussion on the contesting forum included comments that the default
setting for TXDELAY on the K3 (apparently 008) isn't long enough and that
it should be set to 009. Not sure which amps were being considered.

73,
Dave AB7E

On Sat, Jun 6, 2020 at 5:40 PM John Simmons <[hidden email]>
wrote:

> I have operated a number of the 'big' CW contests. I have heard some
> really, really wide sigs with horrible key clicks. Yes they were
> strong.... but 10 KHz wide? Rob Sherwood and others have written about
> this. Some of the really high-end rigs (non-Elecraft) allow user
> adjustment of CW rise time to such short values that key clicks are
> guaranteed. Yech!
>
> -de John NI0K
>
> Fred Jensen wrote on 6/6/2020 7:05 PM:
> > True. TXDelay is a sequencing parameter to assure that downstream
> > switching has completed before RF appears. The keying waveform
> > [particularly the edges and "corners"] affect the sidebands and thus
> > bandwidth of the CW signal. I don't believe QSK has anything to do
> > with it, at least for a K3.
> >
> > 73,
> > Fred ["Skip"] K6DGW
> > Sparks NV DM09dn
> > Washoe County
> >
> > On 6/6/2020 4:55 PM, N4ZR wrote:
> >> There's a big discussion going on in contesting circles online about
> >> the problem of key clicks. There's been a lot of discussion about
> >> settings called things like TXDelay, but so far as I can tell (and
> >> the manual confirms), the K3's TX delay is intended to protect
> >> amplifier relays at the start of a transmission. So long as you
> >> don't run QSK, I would think that setting would have no influence on
> >> key clicks after the rise of the first CW element. True?
> >
> > ______________________________________________________________
> > Elecraft mailing list
> > Home: http://mailman.qth.net/mailman/listinfo/elecraft
> > Help: http://mailman.qth.net/mmfaq.htm
> > Post: mailto:[hidden email]
> >
> > This list hosted by: http://www.qsl.net
> > Please help support this email list: http://www.qsl.net/donate.html
> > Message delivered to [hidden email]
>
> ______________________________________________________________
> Elecraft mailing list
> Home: http://mailman.qth.net/mailman/listinfo/elecraft
> Help: http://mailman.qth.net/mmfaq.htm
> Post: mailto:[hidden email]
>
> This list hosted by: http://www.qsl.net
> Please help support this email list: http://www.qsl.net/donate.html
> Message delivered to [hidden email]

k6dgw

Re: Key Clicks

Not really Dave, until you're sending at sufficient speed to tax the
sequencing of the radio. QSK is "inherently" a receive function -- mute
the receiver while generating RF, unmute when it's not. TXDelay waits
<mumble> ms before starting RF to let amplifier switching settle, at
which point you're either going to generate key clicks or not depending
on the timing and waveshape of the RF envelope.

If you hot switch anything, you're going to create lots of noise, much
of which will be indistinguishable from simple key clicks. But, stop the
hot switching and you do NOT automatically stop the key clicks,
particularly if the radio allows you to adjust the rise/fall times of
the RF envelope [a very stupid idea] and you've set it very short.

In today's radios, other things may happen such as shifting frequencies
if you're split, and that just adds to the complexity. But basically,
the fact that QSK means you can hear between code elements does not
impact your CW waveform. Your CW bandwidth is a result of the timing
and waveform of the beginning and end of your RF envelope for each
element which Joseph Fourier figured out way before any of us were born
or radio and CW had been invented.

73,
Fred ["Skip"] K6DGW
Sparks NV DM09dn
Washoe County

On 6/6/2020 6:00 PM, David Gilbert wrote:

Bob McGraw - K4TAX

Re: Key Clicks

In reply to this post by David Gilbert-2

With my P3 I observe many CW signals that are wide. And key clicks are
easily recognized. Likewise, transmit phase noise is also recognized as
some signals are wide and some are very narrow.    Casual observations
seem to center on one particular brand of radio that is most prone to
have key clicks.   I've owned 2 of them and both were plagued with key
clicks.   On one CW net which I participate, one of the ops can send a
single dit or dah and I'll know exactly who it is.   His signal is that
identifiable.

Yes, amps with slow relays are very prone to generate key clicks.   Even
amps with vacuum relays with an accelerator circuit are often a bit
slow. One of the current, on the market, new amps selling today has a
switching time which I measured of about 15 ms. There is no way this amp
should be used in a QSK station operation or even a Semi-QSK unless the
delay time is extended out to 17 ms to 18 ms. That is one reason I
sold it and purchased a KPA500.

Some amps contain a circuit which prevents hot switching. However, if
the delay is not sufficient, the amp will not switch into transmit.
This amp also uses two lines between the amp and radio. One is the amp
command, and the other is the radio command which occurs after the amp
has switched.   I've owned one of those and the matching radio and it is
a super combination for QSK operation.

I am also aware that several of the new ARRL Volunteer Monitor stations
have and are reporting those stations with wide signals and stations
with key clicks.

73

Bob, K4TAX

On 6/6/2020 8:00 PM, David Gilbert wrote:

> QSK has everything to do with it. If you hot switch the amp you create
> sharp waveforms every element even if the K3 keying is soft. The
> discussion on the contesting forum included comments that the default
> setting for TXDELAY on the K3 (apparently 008) isn't long enough and that
> it should be set to 009. Not sure which amps were being considered.
>
> 73,
> Dave AB7E
>
> On Sat, Jun 6, 2020 at 5:40 PM John Simmons <[hidden email]>
> wrote:
>
>> I have operated a number of the 'big' CW contests. I have heard some
>> really, really wide sigs with horrible key clicks. Yes they were
>> strong.... but 10 KHz wide? Rob Sherwood and others have written about
>> this. Some of the really high-end rigs (non-Elecraft) allow user
>> adjustment of CW rise time to such short values that key clicks are
>> guaranteed. Yech!
>>
>> -de John NI0K
>>
>> Fred Jensen wrote on 6/6/2020 7:05 PM:
>>> True. TXDelay is a sequencing parameter to assure that downstream
>>> switching has completed before RF appears. The keying waveform
>>> [particularly the edges and "corners"] affect the sidebands and thus
>>> bandwidth of the CW signal. I don't believe QSK has anything to do
>>> with it, at least for a K3.
>>>
>>> 73,
>>> Fred ["Skip"] K6DGW
>>> Sparks NV DM09dn
>>> Washoe County
>>>
>>> On 6/6/2020 4:55 PM, N4ZR wrote:
>>>> There's a big discussion going on in contesting circles online about
>>>> the problem of key clicks. There's been a lot of discussion about
>>>> settings called things like TXDelay, but so far as I can tell (and
>>>> the manual confirms), the K3's TX delay is intended to protect
>>>> amplifier relays at the start of a transmission. So long as you
>>>> don't run QSK, I would think that setting would have no influence on
>>>> key clicks after the rise of the first CW element. True?
>>> ______________________________________________________________
>>> Elecraft mailing list
>>> Home: http://mailman.qth.net/mailman/listinfo/elecraft
>>> Help: http://mailman.qth.net/mmfaq.htm
>>> Post: mailto:[hidden email]
>>>
>>> This list hosted by: http://www.qsl.net
>>> Please help support this email list: http://www.qsl.net/donate.html
>>> Message delivered to [hidden email]
>> ______________________________________________________________
>> Elecraft mailing list
>> Home: http://mailman.qth.net/mailman/listinfo/elecraft
>> Help: http://mailman.qth.net/mmfaq.htm
>> Post: mailto:[hidden email]
>>
>> This list hosted by: http://www.qsl.net
>> Please help support this email list: http://www.qsl.net/donate.html
>> Message delivered to [hidden email]
> ______________________________________________________________
> Elecraft mailing list
> Home: http://mailman.qth.net/mailman/listinfo/elecraft
> Help: http://mailman.qth.net/mmfaq.htm
> Post: mailto:[hidden email]
>
> This list hosted by: http://www.qsl.net
> Please help support this email list: http://www.qsl.net/donate.html
> Message delivered to [hidden email]
>

Vic Rosenthal

Re: Key Clicks

In reply to this post by N4ZR

Correct.
But if you are hot-switching at all, even only on the first element, you
risk damage to the amplifier and the transceiver.

73,
Victor, 4X6GP
Rehovot, Israel
Formerly K2VCO
CWops no. 5
http://www.qsl.net/k2vco/
On 07-Jun-2020 02:55, N4ZR wrote:
> There's a big discussion going on in contesting circles online about the
> problem of key clicks. There's been a lot of discussion about settings
> called things like TXDelay, but so far as I can tell (and the manual
> confirms), the K3's TX delay is intended to protect amplifier relays at
> the start of a transmission. So long as you don't run QSK, I would
> think that setting would have no influence on key clicks after the rise
> of the first CW element. True?
>
______________________________________________________________
Elecraft mailing list
Home: http://mailman.qth.net/mailman/listinfo/elecraft
Help: http://mailman.qth.net/mmfaq.htm
Post: mailto:[hidden email]

This list hosted by: http://www.qsl.net
Please help support this email list: http://www.qsl.net/donate.html
Message delivered to [hidden email]

Vic Rosenthal

Re: Key Clicks

In reply to this post by David Gilbert-2

In fact, it's closer to 5-6 ms when set to 8. And of course it depends
on the amp. A general rule to "set it to 9" is silly. It just has to
give the relays time to settle down.

73,
Victor, 4X6GP
Rehovot, Israel
Formerly K2VCO
CWops no. 5
http://www.qsl.net/k2vco/
On 07-Jun-2020 04:00, David Gilbert wrote:

> QSK has everything to do with it. If you hot switch the amp you create
> sharp waveforms every element even if the K3 keying is soft. The
> discussion on the contesting forum included comments that the default
> setting for TXDELAY on the K3 (apparently 008) isn't long enough and that
> it should be set to 009. Not sure which amps were being considered.
>
> 73,
> Dave AB7E
>
> On Sat, Jun 6, 2020 at 5:40 PM John Simmons <[hidden email]>
> wrote:
>
>> I have operated a number of the 'big' CW contests. I have heard some
>> really, really wide sigs with horrible key clicks. Yes they were
>> strong.... but 10 KHz wide? Rob Sherwood and others have written about
>> this. Some of the really high-end rigs (non-Elecraft) allow user
>> adjustment of CW rise time to such short values that key clicks are
>> guaranteed. Yech!
>>
>> -de John NI0K
>>
>> Fred Jensen wrote on 6/6/2020 7:05 PM:
>>> True. TXDelay is a sequencing parameter to assure that downstream
>>> switching has completed before RF appears. The keying waveform
>>> [particularly the edges and "corners"] affect the sidebands and thus
>>> bandwidth of the CW signal. I don't believe QSK has anything to do
>>> with it, at least for a K3.
>>>
>>> 73,
>>> Fred ["Skip"] K6DGW
>>> Sparks NV DM09dn
>>> Washoe County
>>>
>>> On 6/6/2020 4:55 PM, N4ZR wrote:
>>>> There's a big discussion going on in contesting circles online about
>>>> the problem of key clicks. There's been a lot of discussion about
>>>> settings called things like TXDelay, but so far as I can tell (and
>>>> the manual confirms), the K3's TX delay is intended to protect
>>>> amplifier relays at the start of a transmission. So long as you
>>>> don't run QSK, I would think that setting would have no influence on
>>>> key clicks after the rise of the first CW element. True?
>>>
>>> ______________________________________________________________
>>> Elecraft mailing list
>>> Home: http://mailman.qth.net/mailman/listinfo/elecraft
>>> Help: http://mailman.qth.net/mmfaq.htm
>>> Post: mailto:[hidden email]
>>>
>>> This list hosted by: http://www.qsl.net
>>> Please help support this email list: http://www.qsl.net/donate.html
>>> Message delivered to [hidden email]
>>
>> ______________________________________________________________
>> Elecraft mailing list
>> Home: http://mailman.qth.net/mailman/listinfo/elecraft
>> Help: http://mailman.qth.net/mmfaq.htm
>> Post: mailto:[hidden email]
>>
>> This list hosted by: http://www.qsl.net
>> Please help support this email list: http://www.qsl.net/donate.html
>> Message delivered to [hidden email]
> ______________________________________________________________
> Elecraft mailing list
> Home: http://mailman.qth.net/mailman/listinfo/elecraft
> Help: http://mailman.qth.net/mmfaq.htm
> Post: mailto:[hidden email]
>
> This list hosted by: http://www.qsl.net
> Please help support this email list: http://www.qsl.net/donate.html
> Message delivered to [hidden email]
>

Elecraft mailing list

Re: Key Clicks

In reply to this post by David Gilbert-2

I read that also. It was not a KPA500 or KPA1500. The Elecraft amplifiers are designed with solid-state switching and are capable of switching very rapidly, in much less time than 8 mSec. In fact the amps will switch quickly enough to allow true QSK in the K3/K3S. Fred’s analysis is correct in this regards.

There is a trade off with slower switching amplifiers - requiring higher values for TxDelay means eliminating QSK times and this the ability to copy signals between key down times.

This is documented quite nicely in the K3 manual. See the entry for TxDelay on page 66 of the K3S Owner’s manual, Rev A1.

It is notable in the ongoing discussion that the K3 and K3S are called out as examples of transceivers that do things right. In fact those of us with both Elecraft transceivers and Elecraft amplifiers provide examples of some of the cleanest signals on the air.

73!
Jack, W6FB

> On Jun 6, 2020, at 6:00 PM, David Gilbert <[hidden email]> wrote:
>
> QSK has everything to do with it. If you hot switch the amp you create
> sharp waveforms every element even if the K3 keying is soft. The
> discussion on the contesting forum included comments that the default
> setting for TXDELAY on the K3 (apparently 008) isn't long enough and that
> it should be set to 009. Not sure which amps were being considered.
>
> 73,
> Dave AB7E
>
> On Sat, Jun 6, 2020 at 5:40 PM John Simmons <[hidden email]>
> wrote:
>
>> I have operated a number of the 'big' CW contests. I have heard some
>> really, really wide sigs with horrible key clicks. Yes they were
>> strong.... but 10 KHz wide? Rob Sherwood and others have written about
>> this. Some of the really high-end rigs (non-Elecraft) allow user
>> adjustment of CW rise time to such short values that key clicks are
>> guaranteed. Yech!
>>
>> -de John NI0K
>>
>> Fred Jensen wrote on 6/6/2020 7:05 PM:
>>> True. TXDelay is a sequencing parameter to assure that downstream
>>> switching has completed before RF appears. The keying waveform
>>> [particularly the edges and "corners"] affect the sidebands and thus
>>> bandwidth of the CW signal. I don't believe QSK has anything to do
>>> with it, at least for a K3.
>>>
>>> 73,
>>> Fred ["Skip"] K6DGW
>>> Sparks NV DM09dn
>>> Washoe County
>>>
>>> On 6/6/2020 4:55 PM, N4ZR wrote:
>>>> There's a big discussion going on in contesting circles online about
>>>> the problem of key clicks. There's been a lot of discussion about
>>>> settings called things like TXDelay, but so far as I can tell (and
>>>> the manual confirms), the K3's TX delay is intended to protect
>>>> amplifier relays at the start of a transmission. So long as you
>>>> don't run QSK, I would think that setting would have no influence on
>>>> key clicks after the rise of the first CW element. True?
>>>
>>> ______________________________________________________________
>>> Elecraft mailing list
>>> Home: http://mailman.qth.net/mailman/listinfo/elecraft
>>> Help: http://mailman.qth.net/mmfaq.htm
>>> Post: mailto:[hidden email]
>>>
>>> This list hosted by: http://www.qsl.net
>>> Please help support this email list: http://www.qsl.net/donate.html
>>> Message delivered to [hidden email]
>>
>> ______________________________________________________________
>> Elecraft mailing list
>> Home: http://mailman.qth.net/mailman/listinfo/elecraft
>> Help: http://mailman.qth.net/mmfaq.htm
>> Post: mailto:[hidden email]
>>
>> This list hosted by: http://www.qsl.net
>> Please help support this email list: http://www.qsl.net/donate.html
>> Message delivered to [hidden email]
> ______________________________________________________________
> Elecraft mailing list
> Home: http://mailman.qth.net/mailman/listinfo/elecraft
> Help: http://mailman.qth.net/mmfaq.htm
> Post: mailto:[hidden email]
>
> This list hosted by: http://www.qsl.net
> Please help support this email list: http://www.qsl.net/donate.html
> Message delivered to [hidden email]

Bob McGraw - K4TAX

Re: Key Clicks

In reply to this post by Vic Rosenthal

There are actually 2 time elements involved. First is the time between
key closure and the amp key command. This is approximately 3ms of
processing time inside the radio. The second is amp key command to RF
generation out of the radio. This is the 5ms between amp key command
and RF generation.    These are summed together to get the total time
from Key closure to RF generation of about 8ms.

One other company to which I'm very familiar, specs their radio as 15
ms RF delay. What is not disclosed is a breakdown of this 15ms, that 7
ms of the total time occurs from key closure to amp key command, thus
leaving 8ms from amp key command to RF generation. This requires the
amp to switch in 7ms or less.   A mechanical relay is really being
pushed to accomplish this fact. This 15ms delay is not user adjustable.
And the CW rise and fall time is 5ms. A bit fast for a really clean
signal.    Another model of the brand offers and adjustable CW rise and
fall time adjustable between 3 - 10 ms. The longer time makes for a
much cleaner CW signal. Again the delay from key closure to RF
generation is in the order of 15ms.

Older amp designs, typically those that do not clearly provide QSK
identification or mode, are typically not suitable for QSK operation.
Thus switching one of these amps at the faster speeds will most likely
cause hot switching, resulting in key clicks and eventually relay failure.

I've found the K3S and KPA500 to produce some of the cleanest CW signals
on the bands.   Timing is the secret and the design team at Elecraft
have focused heavily on this aspect of these products.

73

Bob, K4TAX

On 6/6/2020 10:19 PM, Victor Rosenthal 4X6GP wrote:

> In fact, it's closer to 5-6 ms when set to 8. And of course it depends
> on the amp. A general rule to "set it to 9" is silly. It just has to
> give the relays time to settle down.
>
>
> 73,
> Victor, 4X6GP
> Rehovot, Israel
> Formerly K2VCO
> CWops no. 5
> http://www.qsl.net/k2vco/
> On 07-Jun-2020 04:00, David Gilbert wrote:
>> QSK has everything to do with it. If you hot switch the amp you create
>> sharp waveforms every element even if the K3 keying is soft. The
>> discussion on the contesting forum included comments that the default
>> setting for TXDELAY on the K3 (apparently 008) isn't long enough and
>> that
>> it should be set to 009. Not sure which amps were being considered.
>>
>> 73,
>> Dave AB7E
>>

John Simmons

Re: Key Clicks

Oh, please, please bring back the CW note of the Drake 4-line!

-de John NI0K

Bob McGraw K4TAX wrote on 6/6/2020 10:59 PM:

> There are actually 2 time elements involved. First is the time
> between key closure and the amp key command. This is approximately
> 3ms of processing time inside the radio. The second is amp key
> command to RF generation out of the radio. This is the 5ms between
> amp key command and RF generation.    These are summed together to get
> the total time from Key closure to RF generation of about 8ms.
>
> One other company to which I'm very familiar, specs their radio as 15
> ms RF delay. What is not disclosed is a breakdown of this 15ms, that
> 7 ms of the total time occurs from key closure to amp key command,
> thus leaving 8ms from amp key command to RF generation. This requires
> the amp to switch in 7ms or less.   A mechanical relay is really being
> pushed to accomplish this fact. This 15ms delay is not user
> adjustable. And the CW rise and fall time is 5ms. A bit fast for a
> really clean signal.    Another model of the brand offers and
> adjustable CW rise and fall time adjustable between 3 - 10 ms. The
> longer time makes for a much cleaner CW signal. Again the delay from
> key closure to RF generation is in the order of 15ms.
>
> Older amp designs, typically those that do not clearly provide QSK
> identification or mode, are typically not suitable for QSK operation.
> Thus switching one of these amps at the faster speeds will most likely
> cause hot switching, resulting in key clicks and eventually relay
> failure.
>
> I've found the K3S and KPA500 to produce some of the cleanest CW
> signals on the bands.   Timing is the secret and the design team at
> Elecraft have focused heavily on this aspect of these products.
>
> 73
>
> Bob, K4TAX
>
>
> On 6/6/2020 10:19 PM, Victor Rosenthal 4X6GP wrote:
>> In fact, it's closer to 5-6 ms when set to 8. And of course it
>> depends on the amp. A general rule to "set it to 9" is silly. It just
>> has to give the relays time to settle down.
>>
>>
>> 73,
>> Victor, 4X6GP
>> Rehovot, Israel
>> Formerly K2VCO
>> CWops no. 5
>> http://www.qsl.net/k2vco/
>> On 07-Jun-2020 04:00, David Gilbert wrote:
>>> QSK has everything to do with it. If you hot switch the amp you create
>>> sharp waveforms every element even if the K3 keying is soft. The
>>> discussion on the contesting forum included comments that the default
>>> setting for TXDELAY on the K3 (apparently 008) isn't long enough and
>>> that
>>> it should be set to 009. Not sure which amps were being considered.
>>>
>>> 73,
>>> Dave   AB7E
>>>
>
> ______________________________________________________________
> Elecraft mailing list
> Home: http://mailman.qth.net/mailman/listinfo/elecraft
> Help: http://mailman.qth.net/mmfaq.htm
> Post: mailto:[hidden email]
>
> This list hosted by: http://www.qsl.net
> Please help support this email list: http://www.qsl.net/donate.html
> Message delivered to [hidden email]